Crafting and Executing Strategy Essay Example

Making and Executing Strategy Essay Making and Executing Strategy Name: Educator: Course: We will compose a custom exposition test on Crafting and Executing Strategy explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Crafting and Executing Strategy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Crafting and Executing Strategy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Date: Creating and Executing Strategy 1. Build up a contention supporting the significance of a key arrangement for the achievement of the characterized business The Hershey Company, regularly known as the Hershey’s or Hershey Foods Company since 2005, is viewed as the biggest maker of chocolate in North America with its central command in Hershey, Pennsylvania. By and large, a vital arrangement is the procedure covering the characterizing of system, coordinating and settling on powerful choices inside the organization, just as asset designation choices that fit the business and its condition best. A key arrangement is exceptionally intended to ensure the development and development of a business. It gives rules and coordinates the business towards the arrangement. This makes it conceivable to deal with the business at a functioning pace while keeping up an emphasis on the characterized objectives and targets. As a business proficient, I totally comprehend the significance of a vital arrangement for Hershey Company. It is very huge thinking of it as purposes to coordinate the business solidarity to the open doors accessible inside the market. Simultaneously, it gives guidance and rules whereupon to follow so as to accomplish the set objectives and destinations. It can cover all territories of a business, including promoting, money, creation, and deals among different regions. A key arrangement unites every one of these regions and guides them towards the objective of the organization. Along these lines, it is incredibly essential that Hershey Company build up a key arrangement so as to permit prospering and development of the business (Junka, 2011). Things being what they are, organizations that utilize a key arrangement achieve best outcomes, and are in a superior situation to manage the unpredictability of both outside and inside condition. All the more thus, the chocolate business will have a superior track to follow to show up at its characterized objectives and targets without coming up short (Junka, 2011). To guarantee things inside the business are moving consistently from one division to the next, it is important to have a vital arrangement. To see development inside the organization, an outline is required which each individual from the association follows so as to understand the set objectives at each level. All the more along these lines, it is practically difficult to control a business, for example, this that joins a few offices like a long gracefully affix without uniting to them. Vital plans imply to do this. Hence, a vital arrangement for Hershey Company is essential to see the turn of events and development of t he organization in long haul and present moment, just as guarantee control of the entire business. 2. Make a statement of purpose for the organization clarifying how the mission will be fundamental to the company’s achievement. Inside the vital arranging, a statement of purpose comes in to give an expansive picture, characterize the business and the motivation behind its reality. In this way, it gives a way through which all the objectives and destinations are to be coordinated. Its principle design is expressing the major or essential purpose behind the foundation of the business. Hershey is a chocolate business with its primary reason for existing being to offer customers pleasantness through food. The statement of purpose of Hershey for this situation is â€Å"to guarantee that all customers everywhere throughout the entire world get the pleasantness and bliss of Hershey each day.† This statement of purpose sums up what the organization exists to do, its market, which is the entire world, and its future. Individuals love chocolate and partner it with upbeat minutes. From the statement of purpose, one understands the organization targets giving its clients glad minutes from its sweet food. Accordingly, laborers can gather in delivering sweet chocolate for the customers. Moreover, the statement of purpose depicts the objective market, which is the world. While figuring objectives and destinations, the organization will target catching the entire world. In this manner, the administrators need to lay methodologies for connecting with the world. The statement of purpose further portrays the future through referencing of consistently. In this way, all individuals from the association should buckle down each and every day to guarantee the world gets its sweet minutes. The statement of purpose sets out the rule for figuring methodologies inside the organization. It further gives a diagram whereupon the objectives and goals are to be characterized. Subsequent to characterizing this statement of purpose, the organization needs to impart it to the individuals, so they recognize what the association expects to accomplish. One can't accomplish anything without a strategic. Along these lines, characterizing the strategic the business guarantees that the individuals have an away from of what is normal. Now, the individuals know about the motivation behind the business is to give clients sweet quality chocolate. In this way, every one of their endeavors and objectives are coordinated towards the statement of purpose. 3. Make a dream proclamation for the organization clarifying how the vision explanation underpins the company’s mission Not at all like a statement of purpose that is present moment, a dream explanation gives a drawn out perspective on the organization, depicting its future. A dream articulation gives an image of the organization later on and conveys it to the individuals. It states where the organization wishes to be later on, giving a rule to characterizing objectives, too. This is very vital so as to gain great ground and development (Kenny, 2012). Without a dream, there is not really any heading. One must have something they wish to accomplish so as to center their exertion. For Hershey, it should turn into the overall chief in offering the world the best chocolate. The vision would be, to turn into the overall chief in giving clients the best chocolate. This further backings the statement of purpose through giving an image of the association later on. The vision is to turn into the best on the planet in its industry while the mission is to give the best chocolate. While the crucial the presence o f the organization, the vision states what the organization wishes to be later on through accomplishing its strategic, (2011). 4. Five (5) key targets for the organization including operational, budgetary, and human asset parts of the business and legitimize why every one of these goals is basic to the accomplishment of the business. So as to accomplish the strategic vision of the organization, operational, budgetary, and human asset goals among others must be planned. For Hershey Company, the five targets would be, accomplish and keep up high operational guidelines, guarantee ideal creation by delivering most extreme yield with the least information sources, limiting the expenses while as yet looking after quality, creating HR for ideal execution and planning procedures planned for accomplishing the set objectives inside indicated time (King Saylor, 2012). These destinations guarantee that the business will get an opportunity to develop, just as meet the strategic vision of the organization. Achieving high operational measures guarantees that the laborers inside the organization and the activities move flawlessly to improve creation inside all the divisions. Without consistent tasks in the organization, it is difficult to accomplish any objectives. Subsequent to guaranteeing high working principles, it is anything but difficult to accomplish ideal creation since laborers can utilize minimal contributions to accomplish the most ideal yield (Kenny, 2012). Improvement of HR is probably the most ideal methods of guaranteeing quality and expanded execution. Furthermore, expenses ought to be limited for monetary advantages. At long last, great systems guarantee to give the organization a decent move whereupon to accomplish the objectives. 5. How the five (5) key targets built up help the strategic vision articulations of the organization as characterized in the task The five key destinations are defined and intended to accomplish the crucial vision of the organization. Without such goals that guarantee tasks are running easily inside the association, accomplishing the statement of purpose would be close to difficulty. For example, the goal of creating human asset guarantees that the association has top ability to accomplish the objectives and targets (King Saylor, 2012). The goals are intended to guarantee the organization is running easily in its activities, which center around accomplishing the strategic vision articulation. In this manner, the business would be in a situation to accomplish most ideal outcomes utilizing the defined destinations, along these lines guaranteeing the crucial vision of the organization is both accomplished. References Junca, J. Pelaez, J. (2011). Ideal Execution Strategy: Price Impact and Transaction Cost. Berkeley, CA. Lord, B. Saylor, C. (2012). The Importance of, and Resources for, Successful Strategic Planning. The University of North Carolina at Pembroke (UNCP ) Kenny, G. (2012). Key Planning and Performance Management. New York, N.Y: Routledge. Simerson, B. K. (2011). Key arranging: A down to earth manual for methodology detailing and execution. Santa Clause Barbara, Calif: Praeger.

Free Essays on The Olympic Games

It’s a trial of solidarity. It’s a trial of respect. It’s the Olympic Games. The Games are a since quite a while ago played convention adjusted from the early Greek human progress. Competitors meet up to contend in athletic occasions, for example, wrestling and lance, for respect and beauty for the nation they speak to. Today, the Olympic Games are only somewhat not the same as in antiquated occasions. Presently, competitors don't take as much respect in simply contending and for affection for the game as they accomplish for winning. A few competitors resort to doping, which is utilizing illicit medications to build the quality and ability of oneself. This is an expanding issue among competitors, and in the long run will prompt genuine wellbeing dangers. Another distinction is that today there are substantially more occasions, and anybody from a nation can contend, not simply free men who communicate in Greek. Likewise, in antiquated occasions, the Games were constantly held at the city Olympia, as now they move to various urban areas like clockwork. Despite the fact that there are these distinctions, there is still respect in the Games today. The historical backdrop of the Olympic Games comes to back far. The primary Games were held in the year 776 B.C. It was an extremely basic challenge with the occasions simply being the run. Later on, more occasions were included, for example, disk, spear, wrestling, and long hop. The Games turned out to be imperative to the individuals. They would even stop wars so they could contend in the Games. Before long, the games turned out to be very developed including sports, for example, boxing, pankration, the pentathlon, and chariot races. The primary recorded victor was Koroibos (www.aafla.org). The Byzantine ruler Theodosius in 394 A.D before long canceled the Games. At the point when the Games were restored, they were brought back as the advanced Olympic Games in 1896. The individual liable for bringing back the Games is the Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin was associated with sports as a youngster and he felt the Olympics would advance comprehension and fellowship among countries (w... Free Essays on The Olympic Games Free Essays on The Olympic Games It’s a trial of solidarity. It’s a trial of respect. It’s the Olympic Games. The Games are a since a long time ago played custom adjusted from the early Greek development. Competitors meet up to contend in athletic occasions, for example, wrestling and spear, for respect and beauty for the nation they speak to. Today, the Olympic Games are only somewhat not the same as in antiquated occasions. Presently, competitors don't take as much respect in simply contending and for affection for the game as they accomplish for winning. A few competitors resort to doping, which is utilizing illicit medications to build the quality and capacity of oneself. This is an expanding issue among competitors, and in the long run will prompt genuine wellbeing dangers. Another distinction is that today there are substantially more occasions, and anybody from a nation can contend, not simply free men who communicate in Greek. Likewise, in antiquated occasions, the Games were constantly held at the city Olympia, as now they move to various urban areas like clockwork. Despite the fact that there are these distinctions, there is still respect in the Games today. The historical backdrop of the Olympic Games comes to back exceptionally far. The main Games were held in the year 776 B.C. It was a straightforward challenge with the occasions simply being the run. Later on, more occasions were included, for example, plate, spear, wrestling, and long bounce. The Games turned out to be essential to the individuals. They would even stop wars so they could contend in the Games. Before long, the games turned out to be very developed including sports, for example, boxing, pankration, the pentathlon, and chariot races. The principal recorded victor was Koroibos (www.aafla.org). The Byzantine ruler Theodosius in 394 A.D before long nullified the Games. At the point when the Games were restored, they were brought back as the advanced Olympic Games in 1896. The individual answerable for bringing back the Games is the Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin was engaged with sports as a kid and he felt the Olympics would advance comprehension and companionship among countries (w...

Lean construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Lean development - Essay Example Truth be told, lean development is set to be considered as the benchmark for different ventures for what it's worth for assembling presently. Successful instruments and techniques can be executed in the development business to actualize lean and decrease waste to accomplish activities effectiveness through improved quality and profitability. List of chapters Chapter One: Introduction Background to examine Aims and goals Research technique Summary Chapter Two: Literature audit Production and Operations Management Project life-cycle Productivity challenges Lean creation framework Lean standards The idea of waste The Toyota way Lean development Lean and procedure Lean execution Chapter Three: Conclusions and suggestions References Chapter One: Introduction This section presents the idea of lean administration underway and talks about its advancement, significance, importance in development, points and targets of the investigation, the exploration approach applied and the general associa tion of the examination study. Foundation to contemplate Lean idea is quite valued, tried and rehearsed in businesses like assembling, government, human services and different organizations. Lean in development has been viewed to spare expenses and clients as too progressively incline toward lean administration of development for cost reserve funds. As there is a lot of waste that is produced in the development business, actualizing lean in development industry can yield cost reserve funds and decrease lead times to serve all. It additionally found that current development industry makes an incentive at the pace of 10 percent while producing waste at the pace of 57 percent while in the assembling division that executes lean, the opposite is valid as it makes a worth include of 62 percent and a misuse of 26 percent (Sowards, 2012). Lean reasoning was first applied to vehicle producing administration yet later advanced to be applied to other assembling areas and thus been executed in different businesses also. Lean execution challenges customary business procedures to improve execution to give an upper hand to the business. The idea of lean reasoning or the executives is characterized as â€Å"the procedure of consistently disposing of waste in all procedures and systems† and was principally identified with creation. Henry Ford first presented this idea in quite a while organization in the assembling portion and later embraced it into different sections like bookkeeping and non0manufacturign activities. The Japanese considered shelter be a technique to unrivaled assembling through quality improvement and later began receiving it in different regions of the business forms, with the endeavors and achievement of Toyota drawing consideration around the world (Bottirov, 2011). As different divisions including government and human services began actualizing lean strategies all through the whole range of business forms, development industry also began thinking a bout the benefits of lean administration (Bottirov, 2011). As the idea of lean administration has risen up out of the creation line, a great part of the practices, apparatuses and methods are promptly accessible for usage in assembling yet development being an unexpected territory in comparison to assembling, the entirety of the standards and practices of lean creation the executives don't fit into the development business, in spite of the fact that there are numerous likenesses in the procedures of the two business

Featured Test Prep Student Gabrielle Leavitt

Gabrielle Leavitt knows the benefits that come from practicing. As a figure skater, runner, and tennis player who recently earned her black belt in karate, she spends a lot of time refining her skills in the activities she enjoys. For the 17-year-old rising senior from Hatboro-Horsham High School, preparing for the ACT test was no different. Gabby originally worked with A+ Test Prep and Tutoring in preparation for the SAT Subject Test: Math 2. Her mom learned about A+ by word of mouth and doing a little research. When it came time to start test prep, Gabby decided to focus on the ACT since there weren’t many study materials available for the newly updated SAT test, and A+ was a natural choice since she had had a positive experience the first time. Gabby had previously worked with tutor Barbara Lommer for the SAT Subject Test and had such a good experience that she decided to continue working with Barbara in preparation for the ACT. â€Å"I really liked how the ACT tutoring program was put together, with the online account and the ability to access your test scores immediately. I liked the instant feedback part of it,† she said. Gabby needed a lot of help boosting her score on the English section of the ACT. She struggled in grammar, and put a lot of work into improving that skill. â€Å"Gabby’s grammar truly improved by leaps and bounds—an achievement that will certainly be helpful beyond the ACT,† Lommer said. Gabby had initially scored a 22 on the English section, but with Lommer’s help she raised her score to a 34. Lommer analyzed Gabby’s progress and made a decision to alter their strategy toward the end of the program. â€Å"We knew that Gabby had a real chance for a composite score of more than 30, and so we focused entirely on Gabby's remaining weaknesses,† Lommer explained. Gabby also put in a lot of extra time, completing almost all of the ACT practice tests available through A+. Going into test day, Gabby was a little nervous, but felt prepared. â€Å"I felt like I knew what I needed to do in order to do well,† she said. â€Å"By the time of her ACT, she was 100% ready. She really nailed it,† Lommer said. Gabby scored a composite score of 31, which was 6 points higher than her original score of 25. She credits her improvement to her dedication to practicing and the support of her tutor. â€Å"If you do what your tutor asks you to do, your scores really will improve. It was really cool that I had access to so many practice tests,† she said. â€Å"The repetition of doing so many practice tests was really helpful to me. You just get better as time goes on—the more you practice, the better you get. Having my tutor there to explain why a certain answer is better than another was really valuable, too.† With a strong ACT score, Gabby now looks forward to making decisions about where to apply to college and possible majors. She is interested in science and is considering studying to become a doctor. One school she plans to apply to is the University of Michigan, where she could hopefully continue practicing a sport she loves—figure skating. With Gabby’s strong work ethic, she will have no problem working toward fulfilling her dreams. Congratulations, Gabby!

Incarcerated Black Lives Matter - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 981 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/02 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Black Lives Matter Essay Did you like this example? Incarcerated Black Lives Matter Mass incarceration has a huge impact on social justice and democratic equality in todays society. According to The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander, The United States leads the world in imprisonment with prison industrial complexes being most of all jails and prisons in United States(185). Mass incarceration targets blacks for their actions even if theyre using drugs, or even if they dont do anything that can lead them to be in jail, According to the Sentencing Project, Black Americans constituted 30% of persons arrested for a property offense and 38% of persons arrested for a violent offense. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Incarcerated Black Lives Matter" essay for you Create order Black youths account for 16% of all children in America yet make up 28% of juvenile arrests. What if you were accused of a crime you did not commit just because you are black? Mass incarceration is important because it gives information about politics of fear and anger with blacks tough on crime policies including the mandatory sentences from the blacks also, extraordinarily harsh and racially disparate penalties for even minor drug offenses, and the explosion in life sentences without parole that led to the unprecedented and unparalleled incarceration rate in United States Of America society. Therefore, mass incarceration should end because its racist as it unfairly targets black people and is a result of the drug wars which are likely to fleck blacks in prison. Mass incarceration in the United States, has grown hand in hand with the well disguised of racialized social control that worked to the Jim Crow institutions Alexander states. According to the Sentencing Project section on racial disparity, 1 in 3 black men in their lifetime have a likelihood of imprisonment(1).This is important because it explains how black people are most likely to be in prison no matter what the reason is. According to the Sentencing Project, in 2016 Blacks were 33.4% or 486,900 black people in state and federal prisons . This means that mass incarceration targets blacks. Mass Incarceration targets black people because blacks commit crimes, and blacks sometimes make themselves the target. More than 60% of the people in prison today are people of color, Black men are six times likely to be incarcerated as white men and Hispanic men are 2.7 times as likely (1). Furthermore, according to Just Walk On By: Black Men in Public Space, I only needed to turn a corner into a dicey situation, or crowd some frightened, armed person in a foyer somewhere, or make an errant move after being pulled over by a policeman (1). Staples explains how he was accused of something just because of the color of his skin. Alexander asserts that the crisis faced by communities of color as a result of mass incarceration is immense (184). This means that to end mass incarceration, must stop accusing blacks, and stop having blacks suffer behind bars. Some people may say that blacks have committed more crimes than other races and deserve to be incarcerated in mass numbers. . The drug wars and racial profiling are huge causes of mass incarceration. Imprisons more people in the United States having a huge impact to the war on drugs which is affecting the blacks. According to Sentencing Project, Drug laws and sentencing requirements have produced profoundly unequal outcomes for people of color. According to Sentencing Project, Although rates of drug use and sales are similar across racial and ethnic lines, black and Latino people are far more likely to be criminalized than the white people. Explaining that any other race would get sent to prison before a white person get sent to prison. Besides that racial discrimination by law enforcement and disproportion drug war sufferers by communities of color. According to Alexander, One in 13 black people of voting age are denied the right to vote because of laws that disenfranchise people with felony convictions. This means that because of racially-charged drug laws, blacks were put in prison, and after being in pr ison, blacks are denied a chance to vote.. Some people may say that blacks have committed more crimes than other races and deserve to be incarcerated in mass numbers. In addition to Alexander, The total population of black males in Chicago with a felony record including both current and ex-felons is equivalent to 55 percent of the black adult male population and astonishing 80 percent of the adult black male workforce in Chicago area. However, while blacks may commit crimes and are the ones likely to get in jail, we know whites and Blacks both use illegal drugs. According to the Sentencing Project, Thirty-two percent of high school students reported that they were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property in the past 12 months, including 33 percent for black students being 33 percent and whites being 33 percent. Blacks are having to suffer in jail for drug crimes that other races are committing but not being sentenced for. According to Alexander, Once arrested, defendants are generally denied meani ngful legal representation and pressured to plead guilty whether they are or not (186). This explains why Blacks are sent to jail in such disproportionate number; they dont have good lawyers to defend them. In sum, mass incarceration have a higher limit for blacks to be in prison. We can end mass incarceration by reinvesting in crime prevention policies. If mass incarceration does not end there would be a high percentage of blacks who are in prison suffering. How would you feel if someone targets you just because of your race? In society today people are still being incarcerated by police and others thats around for drug war and other serious matters. Mass Incarceration should not single other races out if there are more than one race that may commit crimes or are felons. Works Cited Alexander, Michelle Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New Jim Crow New Press, 2012. Staples, Brent. Just Walk on by : Black Men and Public Space. Ms. Magazine Racial Disparity The Sentencing Project. 2016. www.sentencingproject.org/issues/racial-disparity/.

Erik Erikson s Stages Of Human Development - 1790 Words

Erik Erikson is most famously known for his eight stages of human development. As a former student of Freud, Erikson was interested in the going ons of early childhood development and what the outcomes can be. With such an interest came his eight stages, each with a positive outcome and a negative outcome, depending on the environment in which the individual develops. The first five stages are the ones that are dependent a lot on how a parent reacts with their child, considering it covers the first 18 year of life. The first five stages are the ones which will be discussed concerning baby Jude. Jude was born 7 pounds 3 ounces on August 4 2019. At the beginning of his life, Jude will begin to either develop trust or mistrust, the first stage of Erikson’s development. This stage occurs during the first year of life when Jude has needs that he has to rely on his parents for. When Jude cries, he must be cared to to see if he needs feeding, changing, or simply to be held. Should hi s parents attend to his needs in a timely and consistent manner, Jude will develop trust and begin to take that trust into future relationships and situations, trusting that things will be okay. If Jude is left to cry himself to sleep time and again and doesn’t get the care or attention he needs, Jude will develop mistrust, which will lead to fear in future relationships and endeavors. This first stage is a crucial stage to set up because without this as a foundation, Jude cannot continue to grow inShow MoreRelatedErikson’S Contributions To Human Development. Erik Erikson1033 Words   |  5 PagesErikson’s Contributions to Human Development Erik Erikson was a man whose interests varied widely. He studied art and a variety of languages during his schooling. He did not prefer the atmosphere of formal schooling and decided to travel around Europe instead of going to college (â€Å"Erik Erikson†, 1997). He then returned to Germany for art school and later on taught to children who had come for Freudian training. He became Boston’s first child analyst and obtained a position at Harvard Medical SchoolRead MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is se quential, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. 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In addition to this, the different stages mentioned in this Theory complement each other and help us to develop the tools to achieve a sense ofRead MoreEarly Life Experiences Impact The Person Across Their Lifespan930 Words   |  4 Pagesin the Jane Piaget theory ‘Stages of cognitive development’ (1936) and Erik Erikson theory ‘Psychosocial stages’ (1950). Piaget argued that children develop knowledge by constructing their experience and observe with their own ideas about how the thing works.(Burton, L.J., Westen, d. Kowalski, R.M. 2015) He developed 4 stages of his theory: Sensorimotor Stage, Preoperational Stage , Concrete Operational Stage and Formal Operational Stage. At the same time, Erik Erikson proposed a psychoanalytic theory

Finding the Perfect Apartment Essay Example For Students

Finding the Perfect Apartment Essay Finding the perfect bachelor pad is not as simple as it sounds. People don’t just move into places because there tired of the place there living in. There’s many deciding factors that makes a person want to move like; space, neighbors, family additions, family subtractions, and last but not least money. Just as there are factors that forces a tenet to move out they also are factors to help them find a place to move into. This includes pricing, what do you want in the apartment, and neighborhood. These factors are what everyone looks at when looking to move. And if you follow these easy steps you find your perfect place just like my brother and I. â€Å"Money makes the world go round† said by numerous people. Meaning that everything in life money has influence. So I this case money is very important. To find the perfect place first the tenets have to find out there income. Take time with each other find out what money is coming in what money is going out. By finding this out you put parameters on where you can live and live comfortably. These boundaries help find someplace suitable to live no extra money going and all bills are paid in an orderly fashion. But just finding the apartment is not enough you must do research, call find out what the prices are what utilities you have to pay. All of these goes into pricing because this is the money that you’re spending to live here so why not make sure you’re comfortable. Being comfortable doesn’t just not spending your hard earned cash. Can also have to do with the pace that you live in. If you’re a tall person 7 foot ceilings will not work. Bringing up the second factor to finding this perfect place to call home, getting what you’re looking for. First you must discuss what you’re looking for in an apartment. Room size is big enough and also living and dining area has enough space so that all tenets live comfortably. Search how many rooms you all will need to make sure everyone has a room. Weather two three or four to leave comfortable give every person their own space. Last step to being comfortable in your own house is find the perfect neighborhood to move into. Finding that out is simple you know where the bad areas are in your city so that not hard but if you go ride up to apartments or house and ride around the block see what’s in the area. You can also pull up a crime index map to show what crime goes on in the area. This may turn you away from a couple places but in the end how would u feel if your house was broken into. You don’t know nothing about that area you can ask friends word of mouth travels fast and in this instance they don’t have no problem telling about a place where they use to live at our place they are currently staying. In conclusion following these steps the place that you pick will be perfect fit for you and your friends. These steps make it easy for you to find something comfortable and affording. And being that it only fits your perfectly you may never want to leave.

POETRY John Donne Flashcard

POETRY John Donne

Impact of Media Technology on Learning Behavior Essay Example

Impact of Media Technology on Learning Behavior Essay Example Impact of Media Technology on Learning Behavior Essay Impact of Media Technology on Learning Behavior Essay Reviewed literature Behavior modification focuses on behaviors and behavior changes. Behaviors are what a person does or says. The purpose of behavior modification is to help change behaviors that have a social impact on ones life while improving a specific aspect of that persons life (Miltenberger, 2008). According to Mather and Goldstein (2001 ), All behavior follows a set of consistent rules.Methods can be developed for defining, observing, and measuring behaviors, as well as designing effective interventions (p. 96). Behaviors have one or more dimensions that can be measured. These dimensions include the frequency or number of times a behavior occurs, the duration or how long a behavior occurs, and the intensity or physical force involved in a behavior (Miltenberger, 2008). Behavior modification is a field of psychology that analyzes and modifies human behaviors (Miltenberger, 2008).It is the consistent application of positive or negative consequences to reinforce the occurrence of a desirable behavior and/or to reduce the occurrence of an undesirable behavior. As stated by Miltenberger (2008), analyzing a behavior means to 7 determine the relationship between the environment and that behavior to better understand why a person behaved the way he or she did, and modifying a behavior means to create and put into place procedures to help people change that behavior.Four major figures in psychology were influential in the development of the scientific principles on which behavior modification, a theory of psychology that has been around since the early 1900s, is based. The first major contribution of behavior modification was Edward Thorndikes development of the law of effect, in 1911, which states behaviors that generate a positive effect on the environment are more likely to occur in the future (lvfiltenberger, 2008). An example of the law of effect pertaining to education is students receiving credit for doing their homework.This theory implies that students who consistently earn credit for completing their homework are more likely to continue this behavior. In 1913, John Watson started a movement called behaviorism. Watson believed that observable behaviors were an appropriate subject matter of psychology and that all behaviors were controlled by outside events (Miltenberger, 2008). Behaviorism can be witnessed in schools when students who live in abusive and/or unstructured environments misbehave because 8 they have not been exposed to or taught socially acceptable behaviors by their parents.These students undesirable behaviors are often a result of negative, unhealthy events that take place in their homes. In the mid-1920s, Ivan Pavlovs experiments discovered the basic process of respondent conditioning (Miltenberger, 2008). Respondent conditioning, also known as classical conditioning, pairs a stimulus and response that occurs naturally with another stimulus to elicit a response that does not occur naturally. This theory is demonst rated in the classroom when teachers use the statement, give me five.This specific behavior management technique is used to quickly and quietly cue students to stop what they are doing. Students are expected to give the teacher their undivided attention while he or she speaks to the class. Teachers who implement this technique have conditioned their students to behave in a specific manner which is unrelated to the usual meaning of the statement. B. F. Skinner is considered to be one of the most influential figures in the development of behavior modification (Labrador, 2004).During the 1930s, Skinner expanded the field of behaviorism first developed by Watson by laying out the principles of operant condition which claims that the 9 consequence of a behavior controls the future occurrence of that behavior (~v1iltenberger, 2008). Skinners work has influenced the field of education, as well as the field of psychology. He believed that positive reinforcement was more effective than punis hment when trying to change and establish behaviors. Through his work, Skinner identified five main obstacles to learning.These obstacles are a fear of failure, the task is too long and complicated, the task lacks directions, clarity in the directions is lacking, and there is little or no positive reinforcement (Frisoli, 2008). Skinner also recognized that people can be taught age-appropriate skills using the following techniques. These techniques are giving the learner immediate feedback, breaking tasks down into small steps, repeating the directions as many times as possible, working from the most simple to the most complex tasks, and giving positive reinforcement (Frisoli, 2008).Behavior modification is used in many areas to assist in changing peoples problematic behaviors. These behaviors are considered to be socially unacceptable and inappropriate for ones age and/or ability. Additionally, these behaviors are often disruptive to ones life. Miltenberger (2008) noted that, A weal th of research in behavior modification demonstrates that these 10 behaviors often can be controlled or eliminated with behavioral intervention One field that consistently uses behavior modification is education, especially in the areas of classroom management and teaching students with special needs.The field of developmental disabilities has received more behavior modification research than any other area (Miltenberger, 2008), as individuals with disabilities often have behavioral deficits that are able to be overcome with the use of behavior modification. Behavior modification continues to play a major role in special education. It is used to create effective teaching methods and to control problematic behaviors such as not cot plying with school and/or class rules. It is also used to improve inappropriate social behaviors including temper tantrums, interrupting, and difficulty sharing.Furthermore, behavior modification is used to improve functional skills deficits pertaining to personal hygiene and toileting, promoting self-management, and training teachers (Miltenberger, 2008). Statement of the Problem The purpose of my paper was to explore behavior modification by using rewards to encourage positive, observable behavior changes in my students. Teachers have an opportunity to positively impact their students behavior, in addition to their education. I wanted to see if the idea of behavior modification was an effective method for teaching and encouraging students’ age-appropriate behaviors and social skills.I researched the use of rewards and positive reinforcement with regards to behavior modification by creating a classroom more interacting and participation on the classroom. One aspect of teaching is educators abilities to effectively manage their students behaviors. Many teacher education programs expose preserve teachers to numerous strategies for managing students behaviors because the most challenging aspect of teaching continues to be classr oom management and discipline (Yost amp; Muscat, 2002).According to Wetzel and Mercer (2003), â€Å"The area of behavior interventions in classrooms receives more attention than many other aspects of schooling (p. 89). This is not surprising as teachers are expected to deal with discipline problems that were once a cause for suspension or expulsion from school since more and more students are being included in public school settings, in part due to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Quinn et al. , 2001). Another area teachers struggle with is whether or not students should be rewarded for behaviors that are expected of them.Some educators believe that it is not their responsibility to provide incentives for students; they feel that this is the job of parents. However, research in the area of behavioral skills training claims that feedback in the form of positive reinforcement is essential to teaching individuals appropriate behaviors and expectations (Miltenberger, 20 08). Wetzel and Mercer (2003) note that, The most controversial issues in behavior management have been the use of rewards to n-motivate and teach students to follow classroom rules and routines and to complete academic assignments (p. 8). The appropriate use of positive reinforcement and behavior modification are important for success in the classroom, as frequent reprimands, low expectations, and infrequent praise often result in students who exhibit challenging behaviors (Morgan, 2006). Educators can use strong classroom management skills to end, or at the very least avoid, an increase in problematic behaviors. Significant of the study This study focused on the impact of positive reinforcement on their studies will motivate them to study hard.It is used to create effective teaching methods and to control problematic behaviors such as not cot plying with school and/or class rules. It is also used to improve inappropriate social behaviors including temper tantrums, interrupting, an d difficulty sharing. All of only students were classified as having special needs and were placed in my learning resource classroom due to cognitive and/or behavioral deficits that required specialized support from a special education teacher. Many of my students had a difficult time appropriately interacting with adults and peers, especially in the area of manners.These students often required numerous verbal prompts and reminders from adults working with them to use manners. Unfortunately, the previous approach of verbally prompting my students to use appropriate manners did not have the intended positive effect of improving their social interactions. Scope and limitation This study considered the effect of positive reinforcement on the classroom setting whom we wanted to see if the idea of behavior modification was an effective method for teaching and encouraging students’ age-appropriate behaviors and social skills on the particular setting on classroom.Definition of Ter ms Behavior What a person says or does. Cooperative Learning. Cooperative Learning is a systematic pedagogical strategy that encourages small groups of students to work together for the achievement of a common goal. Classroom management- A set of skills needed by a teacher to plan, implement, and maintain a learning environment in which students learn decision-making skills needed to be responsible for their own learning and conduct. Discussion. -There are a variety of ways to stimulate discussion.Motivation- A driving force that encourages an action or behavior to occur Positive reinforcement- positive reinforcement involves the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future. Reward- Something that is given in return for doing something else. Skills- An ability and capacity acquired through deliberate, systematic, and sustained effort to smoothly and adaptively carryout complex activities or job f unctions involving ideas (cognitive skills), things (technical skills), and/or people (interpersonal skills).Teaching strategy- are the methods you use to allow learners to access the information you are teaching. This action research project explored the theory of behavior modification through the use of rewards to promote positive behavioral changes in students with special needs. A classroom behavior management plan was created to observe the effectiveness of positive reinforcement on influencing students behaviors. CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research methodologies used in the study.This includes the research design, sources of data, data gathering procedure and the statistical treatment of data. Research Design The researchers employed the one group must be experimental without reinforcement while the other group is a controlled group that if there is a motivation using positive reinforcement. By using this design, the researchers were able to determine effe cts of positive reinforcement regarding on their participation in class. The experimental and controlled group was used as a basis of comparison of reinforcement. Materials This will be conducted in a classroom setting

Bottling Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bottling Company - Case Study Example The above parameters are calculated using Excel built in functions. The mean and median are very close to each other; it shows that the data do not have skews. Standard deviation of sampling data are small, which states that values are close to the mean. In statistics, the population mean is measured through the sample mean. Statistics uses a concept called confidence interval in order to calculate a population mean. This assignment uses a 95% confidence interval to evaluate a range of the population mean. The confidence interval, in this case, is measured using method of unknown mean and unknown standard deviation of the population. The range is achieved using the central tendency values and the critical value of t, and SE. The critical value is calculated using Excel formula T.INV.2T(0.05,29); where 0.05 is the significance level of 95% confidence interval, 29 is the degree of freedom, df = n-1. The t critical = 2.045. The term SE is called standard error; it is calculated using formula STDV / sqrt (n). In this case, SE = 0.1. The upper limit of the interval = X mean + t*SE = 14.87+2.045*0.1=15.08. The lower limit of the interval is X mean +t.*SE = 14.87-2.045*0.1 = 14.66. Thus, the 95% confidence interval is (14.66, 15.08). In this case, customer’s complaint is that the soda in the bottle is less than 16 ounces; however, the company claims that the soda in the bottle is 16 ounces. These two statements give the basis for the hypothesis test (â€Å"What is hypothesis testing†, n.d.). The alternate hypothesis is the population mean is less than 16 ounces; null is the population mean is equal or greater than 16 ounces. The significance level of the test is 5%. Based on the alternative statement, it is advised to conduct a left tail test of mean; for this purpose test statistics is defined as t = (x mean - ÃŽ ¼) / SE = (14.87-16.0) / 0.1 = - 11.25. Based on degree of freedom, df = 29 and significance level

Critical Review on Shelby Lee Adams's Photography Essay

Critical Review on Shelby Lee Adams's Photography - Essay Example His works have also been published in two volumes. The photography of Shelby Lee Adams presents people in their normal lives and environment capturing their way of life. Adams has captured people in their families showing the importance of family. The photography of Shelby Lee Adams has captured a representational and hegemonic way of thinking about the Appalachian community. For instance, the photographs reveal information about poverty, family life and illiteracy. Most of Adams’ photography shows the subjects in their real world situations enjoying the attention from the camera. The manner in which Adams captures his subjects reveals a lot about them. He has captured the social life of his subjects in a clear manner. Adams’ pictures promote a hegemonic way of thinking about poverty in Appalachian society. The photographs present subjects and families that seem to be in consensus with their poor conditions. His pictures show large extended families that live in primiti ve conditions especially in rural places. For example, the picture that shows the Napier family in 1989 show two old people with three other young adults. Napier family, 1989 The picture clearly shows that the Napier family is poor. The look of their dresses reveals that there are not rich families. For example, one of the sons, standing next to the father, on the left side of the photo has no shirt. He has a pair of trousers that is dirty and has sticky substances at the knees. The wall where they are standing is old with worn out wood pieces. The viewer cannot tell whether the photo was taken in the house or outside judging by the poor conditions around the subjects. The faces of these people show a smile clearly meant for the camera moment. These photos present the sad picture of the Appalachian community from the 1950s to the 1990s. They show the poverty and dilapidated conditions

Migratory Behavior of Mallard Ducks Essay Example for Free

Migratory Behavior of Mallard Ducks Essay There are four fundamental decisions that most animals make when it comes to mechanisms of adaptation: where to live, how to gather food, how to avoid predators, and what tactics to use to reproduce (Alcock, 1993). Habitat preferences in animals require satisfying their needs (ignoring or actively avoiding others, nutritional needs to perform growth, development and reproduction) at the same time experiencing higher fitness than those unable to settle in the favored habitat. There were also several hypothesis presented which correlates habitat preference and fitness. The seasonal dispersion of some animals like ducks is a costly business in terms of energetic expenses and risk to exposure to predators. On the other hand, considering dispersal cost, animals that do not respond to dispersion pay the price of deterioration due to the inability to adapt to the prevailing ecological conditions. Considering the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis (Ralls et. al, 1979), on ducks in particular, Mallard ducks may have migrated then for the purpose of expanding their genetic pool by interbreeding with Anas rubipes a close relative of the Anas playrynhos. The costly dispersal of Mallards may have been to avoid inbreeding depression primary of which is to circumvent the expression of damaging recessive alleles resulting from the mating of two closely related mates of the same species. This further correlates with the mate competition hypothesis (Moore and Ali, 1984), which states that males tend to fight against one another for mates therefore looser find it more energy efficient to seek closely related species to which they may successfully mate. When mating season is over, male disperses to avoid their daughters when these female become sexually mature. Animals engage into energetically exhaustive activity trying to complete the course of their journey to attain its fundamental goals. As the animal arrives to its destination, the issue of territoriality always comes to mind whenever a new species is introduced into a new environment and every time the visitor interacts with the native. While other animals ignore or tolerate the presence of a new species in its territory, others are extraordinarily aggressive in defending their territory from intruders. Territoriality among animals contributes to reproductive successes or failure to the contrary which further leads to interspecific competition. If suitable breeding sites really are short of supply, then one should be able to find non-territorial, non-breeding, individuals in populations of territorial animals. If this is so, the niche similarity of the visitors to the native may introduce interspecific competition with the available supplies. Territoriality may also influence the reproductive success of these visitors as it was found by Dhondt and Schillemans (1983). Territorial animals may invade the nesting sites of migratory birds which may lead to decreased viability and clutch. The ability of birds to fly and survive various environmental conditions has led to their development over time. Seasonal migration of mallard ducks (Anas platyrynchos) has been one of the intriguing aspects of its behavior. This behavior has been influenced mainly by several factors such as foraging (Heitmeyer, 2006), competition (Mc Auley, et al. , 2004), reproductive behaviors (Hill, 1984) which also includes the preservation of nesting sites, and interbreeding (Brodsky, 1989) and seasonal weather conditions (Ridgill, et al. , 1990 in D. Hill, 1992, Whyte Bolen, 1984, Poiani Johnson, 1991). Statement of the Problem From previous articles, it has been reported that Mallard ducks are reoccupying old territories throughout the United States and Canada (Talent, et. al. , 1983). From this observation, it can be inferred that various ecological changes in both habitat and inhabitants may take place. Since mallard ducks in this regard are annual visitors in these habitats, the temporary habitation of previous and new territories may significantly affect native animal species. With the combined hypothesis that Mallard ducks migrate from previously occupied territories due to overlapping conditions which may occupy new territories due to insufficiency of the previous, the study will assess the behavioral patterns of Mallard ducks towards returning to previous foraging territories and establishing new foraging regions (migratory routes) outside of their original habitats, specifically the study will address four major areas of concern. 1. What behavior of the Anas playrynchos determines the suitability of a habitat to be considered sufficient which helps it decide to inhabit previous foraging territories and new regions outside of their original habitats? 2. What behavioral mechanism will the Anas platyrynchos exhibit upon visiting a previous foraging territory and new regions outside of their original habitats if a highly territorial organisms was encountered upon landing? 3. What general behavioral model applies during the interaction of two closely related species (Anas rubipes and Anas platyrynchos) occupying the same niche in terms of: a. Reproductive tactics b. Foraging preferences c. Territoriality 4. What chances that the introduction of less territorial animal may cause significant adaptive stress (competitive stress) to a more territorial species? Hypotheses It is hypothesized that there is no significant differences in the previously reported behavioral mechanisms in Anas platyrynchos that helps it determine to decide on its habitat preferences. Alternatively, Anas platyrynchos establishes new migratory routes due to impending factors such as avoidance of predators, seasonal weather conditions, reproductive tactics and foraging preferences. Else, Anas platyrynchos establishes new migratory route or return to previous foraging areas due to certain conditions such as habitat destruction, scarcity of supplies needed to reproduce, and extreme territoriality between natives and migrants. Experimental Design In order to test these hypotheses, the study will be divided into two phases: the in vivo phase and in vitro phase. At the in vitro phase, groups of experimental populations of Mallard ducks will be placed in a study area which will allow observation of significant behavioral patterns relevant to foraging, reproductive tactics/quality such as mate preference, clutch size, egg size and viability, and interspecific competition. Two species of closely related species of ducks the Anas rubipes (native, will be allowed to acclimatize until such time that they one or two reproductive cycles have been achieved) and Anas platyrynchos (introduced species, will be introduced only after the native have been acclimatized well) will be situated in the same habitat which will be observed for close interaction. Behavioral patterns on mate preferences and competitive exclusion will be observed by on-site observation using a hidden observation platform. Foraging preferences will be looked upon by collection and analysis of droppings from both species. Geographical invasion of feeding territories will be looked upon by assigning quadrat areas which will be initially determined by the territorial preferences of both species of ducks. Territoriality will be measured by the number of times the more aggressive native will disturb the nesting sites of the migrants and the instance that the migrant will be driven away from a specific foraging site. Specific effects of such behavior will be measured by performing initial and final biometry of the two species of ducks. Decrease in biometric qualities from both adult and eggs would mean the inability to adapt into such competitive behavior. Possible effects of migrant foraging on native non-avian species will also be observed by recording the feeding activity of non-avian species living along the vicinity which might directly contribute to the promotion or disruption of the food chain brought about by the introduction of a new consumer. To observe the habitat preference of ducks with is natural behavior in its intact natural behavior, the in vivo phase will be done. Radio satellite transceivers will be wing banded on representative Anas platyrynchos through catch and tag method (including the alpha male) that are about to engage into seasonal journey to trace their possible destinations and stop-over. The result will be compared to previous annual migration data (20 years in succession or more depending on the available information) to establish a pattern supporting the behavioral mechanism that the ducks employ in selecting a habitat which sooth their preference. On site visitation of previously reported migration destinations will be surveyed to confirm habitation of previously occupied regions. Ecological evaluation and mapping of visited areas (stop-over and final destination) will be done and compared with other visited areas for specific pattern. Thorough monitoring of migration paths via remote sensing will be followed to confirm if ever there is a change in the migratory route. Conclusions will be based on the assessment of significant differences between the previously reported data and the novel information. Summary All in all, birds may move to various locations for survival. If the prevailing conditions decrease fitness, migratory ducks may move to different locations to continue to find food, reproduce and avoid predation. When the conditions increase fitness, these ducks will then return to their natal site where they will breed and raise their young. It may be that physical conditions and forces that govern the earth’s magnetic poles, hormonal changes, changing weather patterns or other various factors contribute to the birds urge to migrate to their seasonal habitats. For the purpose of this paper, the most important factor to be considered are the consequences to native animals belonging in the same niche brought about by abrupt or gradual changes in migratory routes and the resulting occupation of new or old territories. In the evolutionary perspective, animals are able to adapt into their environment mainly by employing specific behavioral mechanisms that would enable them to perfectly cope. At the event that an animal fails to establish equilibrium with its environment, serious complications arise. The study will better establish significant behavioral patterns in Mallard ducks which enable to blend in and adapt in variable habitats. Such adaptive behavior may serve as a key towards preserving animal species that are in danger of extinction simply because the adaptive behavior is not appropriate for survival. References Cited Alcock, John. 1993. Animal Behavior: an evolutionary approach, 5th ed. Sinauer Associates, USA. 279-379. Dhondt A. A. , and J. Schillemans. 1983. Reproductive success of the great tit in relation to its territorial status. Animal Behavior 31:902-912. Heitmeyer, M. E. 2006. The Importance of Winter Floods to Mallards in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Journal of Wildlife Management. Vol. 70, No. 1. pp. 101-110. Hill, David. 1992. Cold Weather Movements of Waterfowls in Western Europe. The Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 61, No. 1. Feb. , pp. 238-239. Hill, D. A. 1984. Population Regulation in the Mallard (Anas platyrynchos). Journal of Animal Ecology. 53. pp. 191-202. Mc Auley, D. G. , et. al. 2004. Dynamic use of wetlands by black Mallards: Evidence Against Competitive Exclusion. Wildlife Society Bulletin. Vol. 32. , No. 2. pp. 465-473. Poiani, K. A. , Johnson, W. C. 1991. Global Warming and Prairie Wetlands. BioScience, Vol. 41, No. 9. Oct. pp. 611-618. Talent, L. G. , et. al. 1983. Survival of Mallard Broods in South-Central North Dakota. The Condor, Vol. 85, No. 1. Feb. , 1983, pp. 74-78. Whyte, R. J. , and Bolen, E. G. 1984. Impact of Winter Stress on Mallards Body Composition. The Condor, Vol. 86, No. 4. pp. 477-482. Moore, J. , and R. Ali. 1984. Are dispersal and inbreeding avoidance related? Animal behavior 32:94-112. Ralls, K. , et. al. 1979. Inbreeding and juvenile mortality in small populations of ungulates. Science 206: 1101-1103.

Capital Punishment Essay -- essays research papers

Capital punishment is the execution of criminals by the state for committing crimes so wicked that it is the only acceptable punishment. The debate over the death penalty has endured for years and has become increasingly controversial. According to an article written by Richard Worsnop, entitled "Death Penalty Debate Centers on Retribution," in 1966, 42% of Americans were in favor of capital punishment while 47% were opposed to it; in 1986, support for capital punishment was 80% for and only 17% against with 3% undecided. Most of the undecided voters said they would support capital punishment, if they had to vote on it immediately. Currently, public approval of the death penalty is about 70%. While some people are opposed to capital punishment, the majority is in favor of it. Therefore, the United States government should strictly enforce capital punishment in every state. Admittedly, the act of killing someone is immoral and "Thou shall not kill" is one of God's commandments. However, if it were not for the threat of execution, the murder rate in the United States would be far greater. According to the United States Bureau of Justice bulletin on capital punishment (1989), from 1955 to 1965, there were 78,500 murders and 351 executions in the United States; but from 1966 to 1976, when the death penalty was weakened, 288,310 murders were committed and only six executions were carried out. In order for capital punishment to work as d...

Rome Was Not Built in a Day

10. Accounting from vouchers†¦ Cont. after Palak Shah†¦. CHART EXPLAINING THE INTERPRETAITION AND SHOEING THE EFFECTS OF VOUCHER†¦ CHART 1 |SR. NO. |VOUCHER |INTERPRETATION |WHERE IT IS RECORDED? | |1. Our cash memo |Cash sales |Recorded in debit side of cash book | |2 |Cash memo of other party |Purchase of goods or assets on cash |Recorded in credit side of cash book | |3 |Credit memo of other party |Credit purchase of goods and assets |Recorded in purchase book and journal | | | | |proper | |4 |Our credit memo |Credit sales of goods |Recorded in sales book | |5 |Our debit note |Purchase return of goods |Recorded I purchase return book | |6 |Our credit note |Sales return of goods |Recorded in sales return book | |7 |Debit note of other party |Sales return of goods |Recorded in sales return book | |8 |Credit note of opposite party |Purchase return of goods |Recorded in purchase return book | |9 |Receipt issued |Money received in cash or cheque by us |Recorded on debit side of cash book | |10 |Receipt of opposite party |Payment made on cash or cheque |Recorded n credit side of cash book | |11 |Pay-in slip |Cash, cheque or draft deposited in bank |Recorded on debit side of cash book | | | | |Recorded on both side of cash book | |12 |Counterfoil of the cheque |Cash withdrawn from ban for office use |Recorded on both side of cash book | | |Payment made to creditors |Recorded on credit side of cash book | |13 |Expense voucher |Expense made by cash |Recorded on credit side of cash book, cash| | | |Expense made by cheque |column | | | | |Recorded on credit side of cash book, bank| | | | |column | |14 |Income tax challan |Income tax paid by cheque or cash |Recorded on credit side of cash book on | | | | |cash/bank column | |15 |Sales tax challan |Sales tax paid by cash or cheque |Recorded on credit side of cash book n | | | | |cash/bank column | |16 |Particulars of correspondence |Regarding bank charges |Recorded on credit side of cash book | | | |Regard ing interest credited by bank |Recorded on debit side of cash book | | | |Regarding dishonor of cheque deposited | | Explanation of terms: – 1.Contra Transactions: Those transactions, which are recorded on both the sides of cash book, debit and credit, are known as contra transactions. 2. Bank charges: bank provides service to our business. Receives money on our behalf, collects payments of outstations cheques and makes payment to outstation traders on our behalf. Bank takes care of our money. Therefore, bank charges some charges as remuneration for providing such type of various services. It is known as bank charges. 3. Expenses for assets: When any asset is purchased, the expenses on purchase of assets are also debited to the asset account and it is recorded in asset account after adding such expense. CHART 2 [pic] Cash purchase | |cash sales | |payment to creditors | |Payment of bills payables | |Received collection | |Received for bills receivable | |Income received | |Expenses paid | |Cash brought in as capital | |Drawings through cash | |Loan/advances received | |Loan/advanced repaid | |Bank interest | |bank charges | |cash deposited in bank | |cash withdraw from bank | |Credit purchase of goods | |- Recorded in purchase goods | |Credit sales of book | |- Recorded in sales goods | |Purchase return of book | |- Recorded in purchase return goods | |Sales return of book | |- Recorded in sales return goods | |Bills payable accepted | |- Recorded in bills payable goods | |Bills receivables received | |- Recorded in bills receivable goods | |Other transactions | |- Recorded in journal proper etc. | CHARACTERISTICS OF VOUCHER: 1. The name of the party who is preparing the voucher is written on the top of the voucher and the name of the party to whom the voucher is given below. 2. From the voucher, the information like date on which transaction has taken place; its amount, type of transaction, terms and conditions of transactions etc are available. 3 . Voucher gives an idea about the parties between whom the transactions has taken place. 4. Voucher also gives an idea about weather the transaction is cash or credit? 5.If we have prepared the voucher, its original copy is given t the opposite party and its duplicate is kept with us. 6. If the original copy of the voucher is with us, it shows that the opposite party has prepared the voucher. 7. For transactions with bank, the printed vouchers are available from the bank in which we only need to fill the particulars. 8. In respect of amount paid, if it is not possible to obtain the voucher or receipt from the opposite party, the trader himself prepares the voucher and takes the signature of the opposite party or the authorized person of firm puts the signature sanctioning the voucher. ———————– Types of transactions Cash transactions Recorded in cash book Credit transactions Recorded in subsidiary book Rome Was Not Built in a Day There were things in the world which take a considerably long time to mature. It is the nature of a task that determines the length of time it would take to be accomplished. Some people are in the habit of getting impatient, when a task takes a little too long to complete. They do not understand or rather coyeniently forget the nature of the task and start losing heart. This idiom is used to tell the impatient people that great things are not done or accomplished overnight. Such things require long time, patience and continuous effort. Rome is the name of a city in Italy. At one time it was the capital of the Roman Empire. It was the citadel of the Roman Catholic Church. It was Roman Emperor Augusta’s who is consi ¬dered to be the real builder of Rome. Rome consisted of only a few hamlets when Augustus came to the throne. It took about 40 years for him to transform the face of Rome into a metropolis, adorned with beautiful mansions, theatres, temples, public baths and many other public buildings. It took a long time for this city to develop into a grand city of the world. In the same way every important task takes some time to be completed. There are two aspects of the matter. First, all big or important things take time to be accomplish ¬ed. Secondly, one should never grow impatient if some work takes a long time. What is required is perseverance and not haste. A close look at the maxim will make it evident that the word ‘Rome’ represents a great or noble or a monumental task. And the words ‘in a day’ indicate the span of time. The position is now very clear that monumental or great things cannot be done in haste, they require not one day but a long period of time. It is an advice to those who after having put in a little work or labor want excellent result immediately. They would be committing a mistake by doing so. It is again a lesson for those who want to do big or great things in life that they should be prepared to work hard continuously for a long time without losing patience. Patience is crucial in this process. Impatience will lead you nowhere. It will waste the labor or efforts you have already put in. Therefore, it is advisable to learn this lesson and translate it into action. One should have a firm determination and should sincerely work hard. One cannot achieve success unless one puts in the required amount of work in a specified period. The period of time is as important as the amount of labor. Therefore, the key to the accomplishment of any big task is labor, patience and perseverance. Suppose a man is not keeping good health. He wants to improve his health. Can any exercise, medicine or tonic improve his health over night ? The answer is obviously ‘no’. For improving his health the man will have to take regular exercise, and medicines for a period of time, before he can find any improvement in his health. If after a few days he feels discouraged, because he finds that exercise and medicines have done no good to him it is a fit case when he should be given this piece of advice. Similar is the case of a student who wants to obtain distinction in his annual examination and works hard for a few days, but getting on better result in the terminal examination he loses heart. Regular hard work for a considerably long period of time will ensure a distinction in the annual examination. No one is going to achieve the result without putting in required in-put of labor coupled with time. Patience is the essence of it. The Taj Mahal is a monumental architecture. It took decades for its building. Shah Jehan got this finest piece of architecture constructed with great patience and with huge expenditure over a long span of time. It is because of these factors that the Taj occupies a place of pride in India. In many cases we find men becoming impatient to pluck the fruits of their labor instantaneously or overnight. They are like that foolish farmer who sowed the seed and went the next morning with a sickle in his hand to reap the crop. Great undertakings require hard work over a long period of time. It is childish either to desire a result without sufficient work for a certain period of time or to give up the attempt after some time. A careful analysis of several important achievements will be enough to convince anybody that perseverance plays a very important role in the successful accomp ¬lishment of any task. Look at the strenuous work put in by those who achieved success in any great adventure or undertaking. They would have never succeeded without patience. Great discoverers have shown wonderful tenacity of purpose and commendable endurance in their pursuits. They never showed any sign of discouragement even after successive failures. Had they been hasty or had they show signs of disappointment, they would not have been remembered today with such great honor. We are all aware of the perseverance that enabled Tensing reach atop Everest. Milton took a quarter-century of years to complete his great epic. Tulsidas took several years of constant labor in com ¬piling his Ramcharit Manas. This maxim serves as an inspiration to hard and continuous work for achieving great tasks or for performing great adventure. It keeps disappointment away from you. It also tells you of the value of sustained effort. Thus it hands over the key to success in life.

Summary Of Nathan Jergensons The IRL Fetish - 918 Words

In the article â€Å"The IRL Fetish† by Nathan Jergenson, is a powerful essay that demonstrates the idea of this so called â€Å"Fetish† that we have with technology today. Within this essay Jergenson uses specific word choice in his essay to strengthen his argument about being connected. He uses quotes from other speakers and writers to get his points acrossed about this fetish that we have in our society right now. Finally, Jergenson also talks about the little victories that we have with technology, like â€Å"logging off†, and the irrational fear that we have about being disconnected. Jergenson uses very important vocabulary in his writing of this essay. He uses terms like fetish, digital dualism, and Myopic. The title of this essay is â€Å"The IRL†¦show more content†¦127). He digs at the fact that she has many more experiences then us normal/ middle class people. We then can infer that he was talking about how some people it’s easy for them to disconnect because they have such a lavish lifestyle to keep in touch with. I also agree with Jengenson argument because not everyone has a great life, sometimes social media is there â€Å"escape† or safe haven from the troubles and stresses of the real world. I for one have been guilty of going to the digital world when I’m having a hard time in the real world. By logging on I tend to forget about what happening in the real world and flock to things that will be the complete opposite of how things are in the real world. Jengenson also makes a point about how people are proud to be logged off. And I 100% agree with him. I for one have been guilty of being proud for not using my phone, at things like the being at dinner table, holidays, and hanging out with friends and family. For the most part I do have my phone out because sometimes funny things happen to me at dinner or with the family, so it is very hard not to be tempted to catch something and share it with my friends and family on social media. One week I went to a leadership camp in the summer and to attend we had to agree to leave all technology at home, for a full week. Now I know that sounds pathetic but it